Hint:
Using the intelligent tester's data list allows switch, sensor, actuator and other item values to be read without removing any parts. Reading the data list early in troubleshooting is one way to save time.

Fail-safe chart
Diagnostic trouble code chartIg1 relay
On-vehicle inspection
Disconnect cable from negative battery
terminal
Caution:
Wait at least 90 seconds after disconnecting the
cable from the negative (-) battery terminal to
prevent airbag and seat belt pretensioner activation.
Remove ig1 relay
Remove the ig1 relay from the i ...
Inspection
Inspect starter assembly
Notice:
These tests must be performed within 3 to 5 seconds
to avoid burning out the coil.
Perform the pull-in test.
Disconnect the lead wire from terminal c.
Connect the battery to the magnetic switch as
shown in the illustration. Check that the clutch ...
Intake air temperature sensor gradient too high
Description
The intake air temperature (iat) sensor, mounted on the mass air flow (maf)
meter, monitors the iat.
The iat sensor has a built-in thermistor with a resistance that varies according
to the temperature of the
intake air. When the iat is low, the resistance of the thermist ...